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The quality of a distinct object or body in having an externalsurface or outline of specific form or figure.Simple shapes can be described by basic geometry objects such as a set of two or more points, a line, a curve, a plane, a plane figure or a solid figure.The primary shapes are: square, circle and triangle.
 * Properties and shapes **

These basic shapes generates volumes known as platonic solids. There are only five platonic solids: Cube, Tetrahedron, Octahedron, Dodecahedron and Icosahedron.

Organic shapes are shapes with a natural look and a flowing and curving appearance. Examples of organic shapes include the shapes of leaves, plants, and animals.Squares, cubes and parallelepipeds are the most basic and employed shapes of construction and we can see in the structural elements, facades and inside the building. Also circles, cylinders, spheres, arches, triangles and pyramids are important forms used in construction. Architecture is based on all of these geometric shapes.

Wall is a vertical structure. Walls can be building walls, exterior boundary walls or retaining walls. Walls define spaces and they can be built in different materials.The Gilardi House and The German Pavilium are two very good examples of the use of walls in a building.
 * Wall **



**Post and lintel** Post and lintel is the first building system used by the human being.Post: support the lintel and its loas. Stone works better as a post than a lintel.Beam is the part of the structure that rests on two posts.Modern buildings still use this structural system. There is a new type of column: the mushroom column, it combines post and a slab on the top of it in order to resist bigger.



**Framed structures** A framed structure in any material is one that is made stable by a skeleton that is able to stand by itself as a rigid structure without depending on floors or walls to resist deformation. Materials such as wood, steel, and reinforced concrete, which are strong in both tension and compression, make the best members for compression. Masonry skeletons, which cannot be made rigid without walls, are not frames.The heavy timber frame, in which large posts, spaced relatively far apart, support thick floors and roof beams.

The arch is a curved structure sustaining superiorly closing an opening or a hole, so all its parts are compressed and none of them occur extensions. These pressures are transmitted to the support which holds the arch ends. Types of arch: flat arch,corbelled arch,semicircular arch,venetian arch,ogee arch, bullseye arch,bell arch, gothic arch, etc.
 * Arch **

